Wall construction



March 30 1926. 1,578,511

7 v F. E. GLADWIN WALL CONS TRUCTION I In van/tor;

Frederic .E. Gladwz'n,

' ai ii WM.

Attorney.

. views of a twisted in Figure 4.

Patented Mar. 30, 1923.

UNITED STATES rare NT" ferr es. J p

. FREiDEBIC n. G ADWIN, 'Los ANG LEsoALiFonNIA.

WALLCONISTRUCTION. 7

Application fi led February 8, 1923. Serial JlTo. 617,827.

To a'ZZ whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, FREDERIO E; GLADWIN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Les r-ingeles, 1nthe county of Los Angeles.

and State of Californim'have invented a. new and us ful Wall Construction, of which the followingis aspecification.

v My inventionrelates to wall construction involving'the use of tile and concrete; and the objects of my invention are, first; to pro vide a method whereby the inner and outer faces of a wall may be built up of tile sub sequently filled with concrete, thus elnninati'ng theeXpense-of forms; second to afford facilities for tying said inner and outer faces.

together in such'aym'anner that wallsof different thickness may be constructed by the use of suitable ties of standard lengthyand, third/to supply a tiethat will make it possible to accomplish theafo'r-es'aid objje'ctslf j (Ether objects? and advantages of my in ventiou will appear hereinafter, and while I show herewith andwill describea preferred formof construction, I desire/to be understood thatldo not limit myself to such form, since various changes and adaptations may be made. therein without departing from the spirit of'my invention as hereinafter claimed.

My construction is" illustrated in the" accompanying drawing, in which- Figure 1 -is-a-perspective view of a cornered wall, in course of construction in accordance with my improved method; Figure 2' is a plan view of a similar wall illustrating how various wall'thicknesses may be had by the use of a tie of standard length; Figure 8 is a perspective view of a preferred form of tile for use in connection with my method; Figure 4c is a side elevation of a standard form of tie; and Figures 5 and 6 respectively are side and end 'elevational Similar numerals refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

My method of construction consists essen tially of laying up inner and outer wallsof tile, spaced and tied together in such a man-v ner as to obviate bulging or other displacements, and then pouring-concrete betweenthem- This method entirely eliminates the a "of this figure shows a relatively thin wall necessity for building concrete wall forms;

and the slow and difficult processes of applypair of the ties illustrated 1 r-rnysuitablesize, thickness, and surface finish of tile may he used in connectionwith my method. If desired glazed finish tile may-be used for the outside surface, and

rough tileyadaptedfor receiving a plaster coat; for the inside surface of thefw'all:

lVhen completed, a wall constructed as here-,

in described will notonly have each tile rig -v idly a-nchored to co-op'eratingltiles on the opposite face, but each tile will be thoroughly bonded to the concrete, core as well.

The "tiles"7 used in my. construction are provided with s1 aced holes initheupper and loweredges, for engagement by the ties. One such hole is shown at 8 in Fig. 3', which also indicates how, in the case'of relatively.

thin tiles, theymay be thicl'rened as at, 9

wheretheholes occur. This method per- [nits ofusingarelatively large. tie hole in athin tilewithout danger of the hole break ingout as a res'ult 'of'the pressure of the concrete when the latter 1S being poured.

Tiles similar to that illustrated in F ig. 3 are 7 7 also shown in 2. In Fig. 1 thicker tiles, withoutthe thickened portions are shown. The ties may be made in the form of thin steel'rods 10 with their ends bent at right angles asshown most'clearly in Fig. 4 and the left hand. end of Fig. 1 where indicated by arrow -11.- Or a pair of such ties may be twisted together to form the composite tie 12. and end elevational views in Figs. 5 andG respectively, and is shown as used in the top course of the wall depicted in Fig.1. In the case of .these composite ties the loent ends of their respective elements are so arranged as to extend in opposite directlons as 1nd1-.

cated.

The spacing of the edge holes in the tiles; for the accommodation of the ties, should Thelatter form is illustrated'iirside preferably be uniform when the tilesare laid up; These'holes therefore are located at points 4 the length of thetile from each end. This uniform spacingof'theholes insures that the ties are in parallel relation,

and permits placing theinner and outer faces of the wall any desired distance apart within the limits of the length of the ties.

This method of employing. standard length ties for varying wall thicknesses is illustrated in Fig. 2. The solid line portion equally well have been laid up in the posi-- land placing the tie in the hole at the other i end of the tile.

; the bottom solid course.

'tion shownin dotted lines, which would have resulted in a completed Wall of over twice the thickness; or it could have been ,laidup .in any intermediate position, result ing in a finished wall of intermediate thick- HQSS.

Itv should be noted that if the upper face" of tiles shown in Fig. 2 1S swung upward to the position shown" dotted, the vertical joints willcome opposite the joints in the lower face. This is objectionable and may be avoided by shifting the tiles longitudinally a distance'eqnalto' half their length,

This has been done in the dotted view of Fig. 2, Where the joints of the dotted coursebr eak with the joints of It is always possie lileto break vertical joints in theinner and 'nsed, they must be employed as shown at 11 in Fig. '1, so that both the lower and top edges of the tile are tied. composite tie 12 serves the purpose of a pair of the others, but is'otherWise similarly used. The composite for-1n is usually more con-v .vcnient. I a After a few courses of tile are laid'np in this manner, concrete is poured between the two tacings as indicated infFig. 1, and afterward theseoperations are repeated in sequenceuntil theivall is complete. I it will be seen that bulging of the Wall due to the pressure of the fluid concrete, \vhich'at first sight seems possible on account of the angular position of the ties, is pre- Obviously the Wardly Without at-the sametimemoving longitudinally. The-latter movement is'prev vented by the adjacent row. of abutting-tiles.

Attention is particularly directed :to the comer-construction shown in Fig. 1. corner tiles are as fully and completely tied as the othersy-but in this case a few ties The 7 ofspecial or altered length may have to be I I setting since it is far cheaper tolay the tiles 111 courses in the manner indicated, than to frequently very ditlicult'to attach tiles to a finished Wfilllll a permanently satisfactory manner. I I I j Having thus fullydescribed my invention co apply- -them to the taceoi a concrete Wall that has been completed. 'Moreover it is in such a Way that it will be clear to any one v familiar with: this art, I claim 1. A will'CODStIttCtlOn'fOf spaced, opposed tile conrses -tiesobliquely connecting the tiles "in their respective coursesthe space betw'eenthe courses being concrete filled.

c 2. A- Wall constructionofspaced, opposed .tile courses, ties obliquely"connecting the tiles intheir respective courses, the space betweenthe courses being concrete filled;

FRED-ERIC n. GLADWIN. 

